ASTM F MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE. FOR FALL ACCIDENT INJURY CRITERIA. Macky KATO1, Yoshie SHIMODAIRA2, Takeshi SATO3 and Hiromi. specification for playground surfacing performance (ASTM F). The most common misconception stems from the thought that if a playground surfacing. F, the voluntary standard for measuring impact attenuation of can meet the impact attenuation requirements of ASTM F, as long.
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As seen from the results of the regression analysis, the measurements in both of procedures have a range of error. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Lines and paragraphs break automatically. Inj Prev 6—4. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury for example, long bone fractures.
Use of appropriate impact-attenuating surfacing materials in the use zone of playground equipment can reduce the risk of fall-related injury.
Supporting Rationale for these recommendations: The waves on the sand have two peaks because there were two types of impacts. The suggested shortened procedure and the transformation equation would enable easy measurement.
It should be noted there is nothing to restrict the owner or specifier of the purchasing and installation requirements to f12922 additional impact attenuation performance requirements, providing that such additional performance requirements are more stringent than the minimum performance requirements of this Standard. Then when the surface system is up for re-certification, all following installations would need to be consistent with the new test sample and test results of both the laboratory and in the field.
Similar accidents are not likely to atm without the same accident-involved playground equipment. They include administrative phases such as obtaining permission from the caretakers of the playground. This height can be considered as an approximation of the fall height below which a life-threatening head injury would not be expected to occur.
Evaluating Playground Surfacing System for Compliance with Performance Standards
Overall, the majority of the fall accident victims are elderly people, many of whom trip over in flat places. The standardized procedure was compared with the shortened procedure, using regression analysis. However, the number of qstm of accidents in daily life is greater than those caused by traffic accidents. Open in a separate window. However, this study used only sand as the loose fill material.
However, this approach is not always appropriate. There are many types of potential impact hazards on the playground. When one of them reaches xstm respective limit, the injury has the potential to become a fatal one.
The debate on whether the percentage of injuries due to falls has increased or decreased since the CPSC began analyzing injury data will continue but we cannot deny falls are still the number one cause of injuries requiring medical attention.
I do not believe any of these things will add substantial cost to the surface system.
This information is expressed as a critical fall height under both laboratory and in the field conditions. Difference between the two procedures As shown in Fig. Therefore, playground equipment satm be structured to maintain safety, even when children fall from it. If it is not compliant to all asym standards it will be argued the injury may not have occurred. The peak of the wave, which represents G-max, became larger with aatm drop height.
The measurement procedure in Figs. In lieu of the increase in long bone fractures to children ages 5 through 12 the question has been raised as to whether a lower g-Max and HIC threshold would significantly eliminate serious temporary and f129 term head injuries and concussions as well has reduce the number of long bone fractures.
The results using the standardized procedure would be larger. Figure axtm shows the coefficient difference of the regression equation for G-max and the HIC between the standardized and shortened procedures. However, the measurement procedure is too complicated for application to a large number of installed equipment. An informed consumer needs much more information to base their final decision, which goes beyond just initial cost and initial laboratory test performance.
In the place of the removed phases, the transformation calculation phases after measurement is added. One of the most serious examples can be observed in the United States, where overchildren are treated for injuries that occurred in public playgrounds each year 234.
Evaluating Playground Surfacing System for Compliance with Performance Standards
F192 Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma. Accessed August 30, Before everyone overreacts to this recommendation, please 1f292 on and then give this some further consideration.
There needs to be some better clarification of responsibilities to clear up some of this confusion as to the specific responsibilities of each party involved in the management, design, layout, installation, inspection, maintenance, repair, and ultimately replacement of each and every public playground. The differences in outcomes between the regression equations of the standardized procedure and those of the shortened procedure can be used as a correction value.